浏览器制造商 Opera 推出了一项新的 Web 标准,允许用户在其浏览器中直接运行 AI 模型,而无需依赖云端。
这项名为 WebAI 的新标准旨在与各种 AI 模型配合使用。Opera 提到了 Google 的 Gemma——这是 Google 两年前推出的一个开放权重模型——作为其中一个例子。该公司表示,在 Mac 上,WebAI 还支持 Apple 的设备端基础模型。
但 Opera 表示,WebAI 并不绑定于任何特定模型,而是专为支持广泛的开放权重 AI 系统而构建。WebAI 源于 Opera 此前将本地运行的模型引入其浏览器的相关工作。
Opera 正在其旗舰浏览器 Opera One 中以早期预览的形式提供这些新的 AI 功能。该公司表示,其面向游戏玩家和主播的浏览器 Opera GX,以及利用 AI 代理执行任务的浏览器 Opera Neon,也将很快获得相同的待遇。据该公司称,用户必须选择加入该功能。
开放权重模型为用户带来诸多好处。首先,它们通常可以免费下载和使用。其底层模型权重也是公开可用的,这赋予开发者更多的自由来定制其工作方式。尽管与完全开源的软件不同,开放权重模型仍带有一些限制。
该公司还指出,隐私是另一个优势。用户可以使用 AI 功能,而无需将个人信息发送到公司服务器或支付基于云端的 AI 订阅费用。
“开发人员可以添加 AI 功能,而无需运行 AI 基础设施或为每次请求付费,”该公司在公告中表示。“用户不需要 AI 订阅,本地 AI 处理的信息保留在他们自己的设备上,并且他们对自己的计算机上的 AI 保持控制。”
该公司表示,WebAI 还允许任何人直接在浏览器中生成文本、对内容进行分类,并理解信息片段之间的关系。
随着 AI 助手变得越来越强大并能够访问个人信息,隐私已成为日益增长的担忧。用户经常向 AI 聊天机器人提供大量个人信息,有时并不清楚这些数据是如何存储或使用的。
本地运行的模型提供了一种替代方案,因为处理过程发生在用户自己的设备上,而不是公司的云服务器上。这并不能消除所有的隐私风险,但它确实让用户拥有更多的控制权。因此,多年来 Opera 将数字隐私作为其主要卖点之一是有道理的。
然而,也存在权衡。在本地运行 AI 模型会对用户的计算机提出更高要求,从而影响性能。Opera 指出,模型性能将取决于设备的硬件。
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Browser maker Opera has introduced a new web standard that lets users run AI models directly in its browser, without relying on the cloud.
The new standard, WebAI, is designed to work with a variety of AI models. Opera name drops Google’s Gemma — an open-weight model that Google introduced two years ago — as one example. On Macs, WebAI also supports Apple’s on-device foundation model, the company says.
But Opera says WebAI isn’t tied to any particular model and is built to support a wide range of open-weight AI systems. WebAI grew out of previous work by Opera to bring locally run models into its browsers.
Opera is making the new AI features available as an early preview in its flagship Opera One browser. The company says Opera GX, its browser built for gamers and streamers, and Opera Neon, its browser that uses AI agents to perform tasks, will soon get the same treatment. Users have to choose to opt into the feature, according to the company.
Open-weight models offer a number of benefits to users. For one, they are typically free to download and use. Their underlying model weights are also publicly available, which gives developers more freedom to customize how they work. Although unlike fully open source software, open-weight models still come with some restrictions.
There’s the additional advantage of privacy, the company said. Users can tap into AI features without having to send their personal information to a company’s servers or pay for a cloud-based AI subscription.
“Developers can add AI features without running AI infrastructure or paying for every request,” the company said in its announcement. “Users don’t need AI subscriptions, the information the local AI handles stays on their own device, and they stay in control of the AI on their computer.”
The company said WebAI also allows anyone to generate text, classify content, and understand how pieces of information relate, all directly in the browser.
Privacy has become a growing concern as AI assistants become more powerful and gain access to personal information. Users often surrender vast amounts of personal information with AI chatbots, sometimes without a clear understanding of how that data is stored or used.
Locally run models offer an alternative because the processing happens on the user’s own device — and not on a company’s cloud server. That doesn’t eliminate every privacy risk, but it does give users a bit more control. It makes sense then that Opera has made digital privacy one of its primary selling points over the years.
There are trade-offs, however. Running AI models locally puts more demand on a user’s computer, which can affect performance. Opera notes that model performance will depend on the device’s hardware.
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Lucas is a senior writer at TechCrunch, where he covers artificial intelligence, consumer tech, and startups. He previously covered AI and cybersecurity at Gizmodo. You can contact Lucas by emailing [email protected].
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